Hypertriglyceridemia was associated with lower risks of overall lung cancer (HR: 0.88 95% CI: 0.83–0.93), adenocarcinoma (0.86 [0.82–0.90]), and EGFR-mutated lung cancer (0.87 [0.83–0.92]) and a greater risk of small cell lung cancer (1.25 [1.11–1.41]). Here, EGFR is linked to small cell lung carcinoma.