Hypertriglyceridemia was associated with lower risks of lung cancer (0.93 [0.89–0.98], p = 0.0005), lung adenocarcinoma (0.90 [0.84–0.96], p = 0.0006) and EGFR-mutated lung cancer (0.97 [0.78–0.96], p = 0.0082) as well as a greater risk of small-cell lung cancer (1.31 [1.11–1.55], p = 0.0018). This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and lung cancer.