One important study showed that the rs713875 Crohn's disease risk polymorphism enhanced MTMR3 expression, which in turn increased NOD2-induced caspase-1 activation, NF-κB signaling, and cytokine secretion, and lowered PI3P thus inhibiting autophagy (Lahiri et al. 2015) (Fig. 5B). Here, MTMR3 is linked to Crohn disease.