Concurrently, other studies have uncovered that exosomes secreted by SCs can deliver miR-30a-5p to spermatogonial stem cells, where it regulates the MAPK pathway by targeting the zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2), thereby promoting the differentiation and proliferation of spermatogonial stem cells (4) It has been demonstrated that a hypoxia environment induces the secretion of hypoxy-sensitive miR-210-3P by Sertoli cells, which may serve as a significant biomarker for assessing the extent of Sertoli cell damage in patients with varicocele (20). Here, ZEB2 is linked to varicocele.