Additionally, USP48 cleavage was observed in AML cells treated with chemotherapy drugs HHT (Figure 1f) and Ara-C (Figure 1g), and during ATRA-induced differentiation in NB4 cells (Figure 1h), indicating that both PR-619 and chemotherapy drugs induce USP48 cleavage in AML. This evidence concerns the gene USP48 and acute myeloid leukemia.