Previous work by Jinhua Wang et al. has demonstrated in vitro that silencing APOC1 expression reverses the M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) co-cultured with renal cell carcinoma cells, while macrophages overexpressing APOC1 promote the metastasis of renal cell carcinoma through CCL5 (Ren et al., 2022). This evidence concerns the gene APOC1 and hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma.