Although the mechanisms of HIF-1-mediated neuronal loss, which is strongly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction-induced epilepsy, have not yet been clarified, it cannot be denied that HIF-1 may regulate the level of HMGBI lactylation to mediate programmed neuronal death or induce mitochondrial dysfunction to mediate the occurrence and development of epilepsy. Here, SETD2 is linked to epilepsy.