NFKB1 and epilepsy: The increase in histone H3K18 acetylation levels in the hippocampus can directly activate the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway by stimulating the promoters of Rat transcription factor (Rela) and NF-κB, which can enhance the production and release of pro-inflammatory factors and exacerbate the inflammatory damage associated with epilepsy (Wei et al., 2023; Cai and Lin, 2022).