NES and infection: Given the lack of direct correlation between the number of IBA1+, DCX+, NES+, GFAP+/NES+, and GFAP+/NES− cells in the DG and seizure parameters during the acute phase of TMEV infection, it is conceivable that viral insult, rather than seizure occurrence, primarily triggered the neuroinflammatory response committing NSCs toward the symmetric division and, subsequently, affecting neuronal progenitor cell population.