As a negative regulator of NF-κB-activated inflammatory glia, NLRX1 may help reduce the activity of neurotoxic and oligotoxic glia in chronic neurodegenerative diseases, such as MS, Alzheimer’s, and Parkinson’s disease, where growing evidence suggests CNS-compartmentalized inflammation and chronic-reactive glia are significant contributors. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and Parkinson disease.