CASP3 and Parkinson disease: Altogether, these results reveal increased levels of caspase-3 activation, reflecting an early phase of an apoptotic cascade, in PD patient-derived mDANs and demonstrate that NPT100-18A limits the initiation of the neuronal cell death pathway caused by increased αSyn aggregation, essentially reducing the frequencies of dying mDANs to those of untreated control neurons (Fig. 5).