As illustrated in Figure6A–D, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were significantly increased in the IRE + PI (52.26% ± 7.71% and 33.58% ± 2.33%) and IRE + PDA‐CV@PI (43.96% ± 6.23% and 27.42% ± 4.28%) groups 14 days after surgery, compared to the tumor control group (P < 0.01). The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is neoplasm.