TNF and intestinal disorder: Oxidative stress, a major factor in intestinal diseases, causes a complex interplay of inflammation, immune response, cell apoptosis, and autophagy.[33, 34, 35] Our research supported these connections, showing that D‐gal increased the mRNA expression of inflammatory factors cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐α, IL‐β), Keap1, and the protein expression of RIP1, caspase3, and p62 in the intestine (Figure 8A,D,F), while decreasing the Nrf2 and IL‐10 mRNA expression (Figure 8F,G).