Furthermore, CD73 activity enhances tumor cell survival, migration, and invasion via adenosine-mediated activation of signaling pathways such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) (Ma et al., 2019; Zhan et al., 2024). This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and neoplasm.