In summary, our results demonstrated that blocking Arf1 activity could enhance T-cell tumor infiltration through the LPE-PPARγ-NF-κB-CCL5-CCR5 pathway (Supplementary Fig. S7g), and the combined treatment of the Arf1 inhibitor and ICBs had synergistic ­anti-tumor effects. This evidence concerns the gene PPARG and neoplasm.