INS and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Furthermore, ADF improved WD-induced glucose intolerance without affecting insulin sensitivity (Supplementary Fig. S2c and d) and ameliorated diet-induced fatty liver characterized by reduced intrahepatic lipid droplets, NAFLD activity score (NAS), total triglyceride (TG) contents, serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, and inflammatory cytokine levels (Fig. 2d–f; Supplementary Fig. S2e and f).