The results verified that compared to the TGF-β group, EX527 aggravated ferroptosis related indicators and the expressions of EMT-related proteins induced by TGF-β, as well as decreased the expressions of SIRT1 and GPX4 (Figures 9A–L), which abrogated the protective effects of DSI on ferroptosis and renal fibrosis. Here, GPX4 is linked to renal fibrosis.