Increased levels of IL1β, TNFα and IL-6 were found in APPPS1 astrocyte media after 24 h of exposure to microglia-conditioned media, as well as increased mRNA expression of genes involved in their production, such as Nfkb1, Nlrp3 and Casp1. This mechanism has also recently been suggested in depression-like mice and multiple sclerosis models [74, 77], and communication between both cell types mediated by the ABCA7 transporter may be responsible for neuroinflammatory responses via NLPR3 inflammasome activation, as observed in vivo. Here, NLRP3 is linked to major depressive disorder.