Within the primary cohort, uncovering differences between the PLOS and Non-PLOS groups, variables including Age, smoking status, history of hypertension, total comorbidities, preoperative albumin and NLR levels, postoperative hemoglobin and albumin levels, blood loss, duration of surgery, intraoperative RBC and FFP transfusion, fluid infusion rate over 24 hr, postoperative ICU admission, and reoperation emerged as significantly distinct following univariate comparisons (Table 2). Here, ALB is linked to Hypertension.