There were no significant differences betweenthe two groups in terms of New York Heart Association functional class III/IV, PRduration, QT duration, left ventricular (LV) diameters, leftatrial diameters (LA), right ventricular (RV) diameters , interventricular septum(IVS), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), NT-proBNP, ICD, syncope, atrialfibrillation (AF), and other medical histories. The gene discussed is NPPB; the disease is atrial fibrillation.