Elevated BNP and NT-proBNP levels have been linkedto an increased risk of cardioembolic stroke independently of AF [84], thebiomarker-based ABC (age, biomarkers [high-sensitivity (hs-) troponin andNT-proBNP], and clinical history of prior stroke/transient ischemic attack)stroke score was well applicable and generally more suitable than theCHA2DS2-VASc and ATRIA (Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation) stroke scores in anticoagulated patients with AF[85]. This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and atrial fibrillation.