Here, we profile caspase-4 expression in different polyp subtypes, as well as in histologically defined areas of resection tissue from patients with IBD-CRC and non–IBD-associated CRC (non–IBD-CRC), in an attempt to determine the point at which caspase-4 expression is switched on during progression to CRC, and whether caspase-4 represents a novel histological biomarker to aid the identification and diagnosis of early-stage CRC. This evidence concerns the gene CASP4 and colorectal carcinoma.