In addition, in the anti-PD-L1 group, higher incidences of all-grade pruritus, diarrhea, and musculoskeletal disorders occurred in renal cell carcinoma; gastric and gastroesophageal carcinoma patients experienced a higher incidence of all-grade IRR; severe hypertension and metabolism disorders were more prevalent in renal cell carcinoma patients; and gastric cancer patients experienced a higher frequency of ALT/AST elevation in blood (Fig. 4B). Here, GPT is linked to hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma.