RBM4 and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: RBM proteins are a family of RNA-binding proteins that play important roles in the regulation of gene expression by modulating the synthesis or processing of RNAs, especially the alternative splicing of RNAs.46 RBM4 has been documented to suppress tumor progression in lung, breast, gastric, colorectal, and liver cancers.25,47,48 Similarly, we found that RBM4 was expressed at low levels in ccRCC and inhibited tumor growth.