NPY and heart failure: We found a ∼4‐fold higher peripheral venous NPY level at rest in a cohort of heart failure patients treated with contemporary guideline‐directed medical and device therapy, in comparison to a well‐matched cohort in terms of age, sex and left ventricular internal diameter in end diastole (40 ± 6.9 vs. 9.0 ± 4.6 pg/mL, respectively).