NPY and heart failure: Likewise, 163 patients of a similar age and sex to those in the present study had peripheral venous NPY levels of 28.6 ± 2.2 pg/mL, immediately after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST‐elevation myocardial infarction, where levels of >21.4 pg/mL were correlated with the risk of heart failure or mortality (Gibbs et al., 2022).