Once known only as an antimalarial drug, HCQ is among the few small-molecular drugs used for RA therapy that have been reported to relieve RA symptoms via several different pharmacological mechanisms: inhibiting lysosomal activity and autophagy, reducing the function of antigen-presenting cells, inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as TNF-α), and deactivating signal pathways [12,13]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and rheumatoid arthritis.