TGFB1 and neoplasm: Interestingly, in animal study, tumours from A549 cancer cell-bearing mice administered with MENK demonstrated significantly lower interleukin 10 (IL-10) and TGF-β1 levels and contained more M1 macrophages than the pro-tumorigenic M2 type [46], when compared to tumour tissues from non-treated control animals [45], similarly as it was shown in murine Lewis lung cancer-bearing mice treated with MENK [47].