INS and diabetes mellitus: Compared with insulin initiators, patients who were initiated on SGLT2i were slightly older, more likely to be of black race, had fewer diabetic complications (ketoacidosis, neuropathy, retinopathy, hypoglycemia), more cardiovascular comorbidities (such as hypertension, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and ischemic stroke), more proteinuria and history of genital mycotic infection, and were less likely to have history of a urinary tract infection (UTI), hyperkalemia, and acute kidney injury (AKI).