HK1 and cancer: Both HK1 and HK2 phosphorylation, especially HK1 phosphorylation at tyrosine 732 (Tyr732/Y732) by c-Src, increases their catalytic activities and enhances glycolysis in various cancer cell lines and tumor types so that the phosphorylation level of HK1-Y732 may be used as a novel biomarker to predict metastasis risk of primary tumors [177].