Viral infection generates Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) and Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) detected by Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs), activating downstream transcription factors like Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 (IRF-3) and Kappa Light Chains of Activated B-cell Nuclear Enhancer Factor (NF-κB). The gene discussed is IRF3; the disease is viral infectious disease.