TNF and acute respiratory distress syndrome: In an in vivo model for ALI, oral administration of EB-WE significantly reduced the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-a, IL-1b, and IL-6) and chemokines (MCP-1, CXC-16, CXCL1, and TARC) in serum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of mice.