miR-140-5p exhibited decreased expression, while TLR4 displayed increased expression.MiR-140-5p directly targeted and reduced TLR4 expression.MiR-140-5p over-expression inhibited neuron apoptosis and slowed stroke progression.TLR4 over-expression promoted neuron apoptosis and stroke progression.MiR-140-5p reduced NF-κB protein levels, while TLR4 overexpression increased them. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is stroke disorder.