MicroRNA (miRNA) dysregulation during hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can directly or indirectly affect HCV replication and promote HF by activating the TGF-β signaling pathway, activating HSCs, and increasing the expression of collagen and fibroblast growth factor, which contribute to the development of fibrosis [40]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is hydrops fetalis.