Beyond diabetes-related pathways, most of the identified dysregulated miRNAs play significant roles in regulating pathways such as PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, MAPK/ERK, JAK/STAT, p53, NF-κB, notch signaling and TGF-β signaling, thereby influencing processes like cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis and immune response. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is diabetes mellitus.