CD44 and Familial prostate cancer: According to recent research, a saffron extract (with 5 mM crocin, 5 μM crocetin, 5 mM safranal) showed promising results on prostate cancer stem cells through (i) increased apoptosis (increased activity of Bcl-2 protein), (ii) the down-regulation of histone lysine methyltransferase 2 (EHMT2), as well as NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), (iii) the up-regulation of p53, (iv) the down-regulation of DNMT3b, and (v) decreased levels of CD44, NF-κB, TNF-α, c-Myc [230].