Furthermore, the practice-changing findings from ADAURA [144] and ALINA [145] demonstrating the efficacy of adjuvant osimertinib in patients harboring EGFR mutations and adjuvant alectinib in patients harboring ALK mutations, alongside investigational perioperative strategies such as the neoADAURA [146] and NAUTIKA1 [147] approaches, highlight the prominent role of the targetable mutation also in early oncogene-addicted NSCLC. This evidence concerns the gene ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma.