APOE and Alzheimer disease: In hypercholesterolemic APOE-knockout (ApoE−/−) rats, a model frequently used to investigate lipid-associated disorders and neurodegenerative processes such as AD, monobutyrin, and monovalerin, esters of microbiota-derived SCFAs, was administered to evaluate their potential to counteract the detrimental effects of high-fat intake and APOE deficiency [56].