VEGFA and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Additionally, Barc et al. showed that the intramuscular injection of pIRES/VEGF165/HGF in type 2 diabetes patients with critical limb ischemia resulted in increased serum VEGF levels, improved ankle–brachial index (ABI), decreased rest pain, and enhanced vascularization, offering hope for patients with severe vascular complications [25].