Unfortunately, to date, no predictive biomarkers are available for the selection of therapies in RCC; for example: VHL, VEGF, PD-L1, and other possible biomarkers failed to clearly show a possible predictive role in RCC and, to date, only clinical characteristics are used to guide the selection of patients to treat with an immune combo or TKI alone [38]. Here, VHL is linked to renal cell carcinoma.