CCL2 and acute respiratory distress syndrome: Next, we analyzed cytokine concentrations in patients with AdV pneumonia who had criteria for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and found significantly higher serum concentrations of CXCL10 (9629 pg/mL, IQR 6130–12,779 vs. 4265 pg/mL, IQR 1749–5499) and MCP-1 (832 pg/mL, IQR 695–2133 vs. 226, IQR 506–198) and lower of TGF-β1 pg/mL (79 pg/mL, IQR 70–106 vs. 150, IQR 131–157), as shown in Figure 5.