Among the four studies included on children and adolescents with AML, in the present systematic review, there was no difference in the frequency of either MTHFR gene polymorphisms (677C>T and 1298A>C) between the patients and controls, except for one case–control study [86], where the CT variant of the 677C>T polymorphism was less frequently reported in the patient group when compared with the control group. Here, MTHFR is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.