NLRP3 and neoplasm: More importantly, ATP released from dying cancer cells can bind P2X7R on DCs and induce the NLRP3 inflammasome activation and secretion of IL-1β, which together with antigen presentation of tumor-associated antigens (TAA), leads to the polarization of interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-producing CD8+ T cells, which can counteract cancer cell survival/proliferation [27] (Figure 1a).