NF-κB is activated in glioblastoma cells by various factors, including mutations in IκBα [154], radiation-induced DNA damage [154], aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3 (ALDH1A3) [155], the adhesion molecule CD146 [156], and a number of cytokines, such as CXCL1 [151], chemerin [150], TNF-α [157], and TGF-β [146,149]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to glioblastoma.