ALPK1 and infection: H. pylori-derived ADP-heptose induces another inflammatory pathway through activation of alpha protein kinase-1 (ALPK1) and subsequent phosphorylation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor (TRAF)-interacting protein with a forkhead-associated (FHA) domain (TIFA) to activate the canonical pro-inflammatory NF-κB pathway for the expression of IL-8 in the initial hours of infection [30,32].