ALB and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: These variables included diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic renal disease (CRD), cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time or cross-clamp time, hemoglobin levels, serum albumin levels, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, lymphocyte %, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and length of hospital stay (LOS).