From one viewpoint, elevated levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9, in light of the increased levels of irisin induced by sinigrin, could be interpreted as a reflection of the protective actions of both sinigrin and irisin in the myocardium, in the context of maintaining homeostasis and preventing cardiac hypertrophy and/or remodeling. Here, FNDC5 is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.