GSTM1 and anemia (phenotype): In addition, this study revealed that postpartum anemia after CD was strongly associated with a predelivery Hb level; the odds of postpartum anemia after CD were 14.5 times higher among women with predelivery anemia (Hb level < 11gm/dL), compared to those who had normal predelivery Hb level (>/ = 11gm/dL) (AOR = 14.5; 95% CI = 4.11, 51.16).