Multiple therapeutic agents or commonly prescribed medications such as interferons (IFN-α, -β and -γ), bisphosphonates (pamidronate), lithium, sirolimus, and anabolic steroids are implicated in inducing two types of FSGS: FSGS not otherwise specified (NOS) and collapsing FSGS (103). This evidence concerns the gene IFNA1 and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.