IFNs are indicated for the treatment of viral infections, multiple sclerosis, malignant osteoporosis, and many other medical conditions; for instance, while IFN-α is administered for treatment of viral infections such as hepatitis B and C, IFN-β is extensively used for multiple sclerosis, and IFN-γ is used for chronic granulomatous disease and malignant osteopetrosis. Here, IFNB1 is linked to viral infectious disease.