PFS was significantly longer in the HMGB1high group than that in the HMGB1low group in the entire cohort (4.3 months vs. 2.3 months) and in patients with NSCLC with PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) ≥ 50% (12.4 months vs. 4.4 months), but not in those with PD-L1 TPS < 50% or unknown. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.