INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: We observed a positive effect of the VLCKD-MD up to T3 (see Supplementary Table S14c online) in the abundance of some microbial taxa associated with glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity [119,120,121], negatively associated with T2DM [122], as well as taxa negatively associated with fasting blood glucose (IFG) [123], which increased following polysaccharide treatment used to relieve T2DM [124].