Renal carcinoma associated with Xp11.2 translocation/gene fusion TFE3 is a rare subtype of kidney cancer that was recognized as a distinct entity in 2004 and classified in 2016 as belonging to the family of renal carcinomas with MiT gene translocation (Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor). This evidence concerns the gene TFE3 and renal carcinoma.