NCF1 and neoplasm: Our previous research has shown that exogenous ROS in TME could stimulate the TIPE2 expression of MDSCs by cytomembrane-anchored p47phox, a key component of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), and this in turn activates the key CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-β (C/EBPβ) signaling pathway to release immunosuppressive cytokine IL-6 in MDSCs, thereby inhibiting T cell responses in tumor [53].